Several species of Bauhinia are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, diabetes, and\ninflammation, among other conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiulcer effect of a hydroalcoholic extract\nfrom the leaves of B. holophylla. The chemical profile of the extract was determined by HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS. A dose-effect\nrelation was constructed using the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in male Wistar rats. Histological analyses and studies of\nantioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were performed in stomach samples. The involvement of SH compounds, NO, K+\nATP\nchannels, and ?2-adrenergic receptors in the gastroprotective effect was evaluated. A toxicity study was performed with a single oral\ndose of 5000mg/kg. The extract was composed mainly of cyanoglucoside and flavonol-O-glycosides derivatives of quercetin and\nmyricetin. SH compounds, NO release, K+\nATP channel activation, and presynaptic ?2-adrenergic receptor stimulation each proved\nto be involved in the antiulcer effect. The levels of GSH and activity of GR and GPx were increased, and the levels of TNF-?, IL-6\nand IL-10 were modulated. There was an antidiarrheal effect and there were no signs of toxicity. B. holophylla presents antiulcer\nactivity mainly by decreasing oxidative stress and attenuating the inflammatory response, without inducing side effects.
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